The 2023 Global Durian Trade Overview yakaburitswa neFood and Agriculture Organisation yeUnited Nations inoratidza kuti kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwedurian kwakawedzera nekanopfuura ka10 mumakore gumi apfuura, kubva pamatani angangoita 80000 muna 2003 kusvika kumatani angangoita 870000 muna 2022. Pakazere, pamusoro pe90% yepasi rose durian inotengeswa kunze kwenyika inopihwa neThailand, neVietnam neMalaysia imwe neimwe inoverengera inosvika 3%, uye Philippines neIndonesia zvakare vane zvidiki zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Semutengesi mukuru we durian, China inotenga 95% yezvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, uku Singapore ichitenga ingangoita 3%.
Durian chirimwa chakakosha zvikuru uye chimwe chezvibereko zvakakura muSoutheast Asia. Musika wayo wekutengesa kunze wange uchibudirira mumakore makumi maviri apfuura. Zvinyorwa zvemazuva ano zvinoratidza kuti kutengeserana kwepasi rose kwepasi rose kwakasvika pamatani e930000 muna 2021. Kukura kwemari uye kukurumidza kushandura zvido zvevatengi zvenyika dzinounza kunze kwenyika (kunyanya kukosha China), pamwe nekuvandudzwa kweteknolojia yechando uye kuderedzwa kukuru munguva yekufambisa, zvose zvinobatsira pakuwedzera kwekutengeserana. Kunyangwe pasina chaiyo data yekugadzira, ivo vanonyanya kugadzira durian iThailand, Malaysia, neIndonesia, ine yakazara inofungidzirwa kugadzirwa kwemamiriyoni matatu ematani pagore. Kusvika pari zvino, Thailand ndiyo inonyanya kutengesa durian, inoverengera 94% yeavhareji yepasirese inotengeswa kunze kwenyika pakati pe2020 ne2022. Yakasara yekutengeserana vhoriyamu inenge yakapihwa zvachose neVietnam neMalaysia, imwe neimwe inoverengera inenge 3%. Iyo durian inogadzirwa muIndonesia inonyanya kupihwa kumusika wepamba.
Semutengesi mukuru we durian, China yakatenga avhareji inosvika 740000 matani e durian pagore kubva 2020 kusvika 2022, yakaenzana ne95% yezvese zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Ruzhinji rwema durians anounzwa kubva kuChina anobva kuThailand, asi mumakore achangopfuura, kutengeswa kubva kuVietnam kwakawedzerawo.
Mukupindura kudiwa kuri kukurumidza kuwedzera, iyo inoratidza avhareji yekutengesa unit mutengo we durian wakawedzera zvishoma mumakore gumi apfuura. Payero yekupinza kubva 2021 kusvika 2022, avhareji yemutengo wepagore yasvika madhora zviuru mazana mashanu patani, kakawanda paavhareji mutengo wemabhanana nemichero mikuru yekupisa. Durian inoonekwa seyakasarudzika yakasarudzika muChina uye iri kugamuchira kuwedzera kutariswa kubva kune vatengi. Muna Zvita 2021, kuvhurwa kweChina Laos high-speed njanji kwakawedzera kusimudzira kukura kwezvinotengwa neChina zve durian kubva kuThailand. Zvinotora mazuva/mavhiki akati wandei kutakura zvinhu nerori kana nengarava. Sechifambiso pakati pezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zveThailand neChina, China Laos Railway inongoda maawa anopfuura makumi maviri kutakura zvinhu nechitima. Izvi zvinoita kuti durian uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvitsva kubva kuThailand zvitakurwe kuenda kumusika weChinese munguva pfupi, nekudaro zvichivandudza kutsva kwezvigadzirwa. Mishumo yeindasitiri ichangoburwa uye data rekutanga rekuyerera kwekutengesa kwemwedzi nemwedzi zvinoratidza kuti kutengwa kweChina kwedurian kwakawedzera neinosvika makumi matanhatu muzana mumwedzi misere yekutanga ye2023.
Mumusika wepasirese, durian ichiri kutorwa sechinyorwa kana niche chigadzirwa. Kunyanya kuparara kweiyo durian nyowani kunoita kuti zviome kutakura zvigadzirwa zvitsva kuenda kumisika iri kure, izvo zvinoreva kuti zvinodiwa kunze kwenyika zvine chekuita nemiyero yekuvharirwa kwekudyara uye kuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa kazhinji hazvigone kuzadzikiswa. Naizvozvo, ruzhinji rwedurian inotengeswa pasi rose inogadziriswa uye inoiswa muchando durian, yakaomeswa durian, jamu, uye chikafu chekuwedzera. Vatengi havazive nezve durian, uye mutengo wayo wepamusoro wave chipingamupinyi kune durian kuti iwedzere kuwedzera mumusika wepasirese. Pakazara, kana zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwekutumirwa kunze kwenyika kwemimwe michero yemunzvimbo dzinopisa, kunyanya mabhanana, mapineapple, mango, nemaavocado, kukosha kwazvo kwakadzikira.
Nekudaro, zvichipihwa mutengo wakasarudzika weavhareji wekutengesa kunze kwenyika wedurian, yakasvika paavhareji yekutengeserana kwepasi rose inosvika mabhiriyoni matatu emadhora pagore pakati pa2020 na2022, pamberi pemango nyowani nemapaini. Pamusoro pezvo, kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kweiyo durian nyowani kubva kuThailand kuenda kuUnited States kwakawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri mumakore gumi apfuura, kusvika paavhareji yematani zviuru zvitatu pagore pakati pa2020 na2022, neavhareji yegore rekunze kukosha kwemadhora gumi emadhora ekuAmerica, izvo zvinoratidzawo kuti durian iri kuramba ichizivikanwa kunze kweAsia. Pakazere, avhareji yegore rekutengesa kunze kwenyika yeDurian kubva kuThailand pakati pa2021 na2022 yaive 3.3 bhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica, zvichiita kuti ive yechitatu pakukura kwezvinhu zvekurima kunze kwenyika muThailand, mushure merabha yechisikigo nemupunga. Avhareji yegore rekutengesa kukosha kwezvinhu zviviri izvi pakati pa2021 na2022 yaive 3.9 bhiriyoni emadhora emadhora uye 3.7 bhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica, zvichiteerana.
Huwandu uhu hunoratidza kuti kana ma durians anoparara zvakanyanya achigona kubatwa nemazvo maererano nekusimbiswa kwemhando, kugadzirwa mushure mekukohwa, uye kutakura, nekutarisa mukudhura-kushanda, kutengeserana kwema durian kunogona kuunza mikana mikuru yebhizinesi kune vanotengesa kunze, kusanganisira nyika dzine mari shoma. Mumisika ine mari yakawanda yakaita seEuropean Union neUnited States, mukana wemusika unoenderana zvakanyanya nekuita kuti zvive nyore kune vatengi kutenga muchero uyu nekusimbisa ruzivo rwevatengi.