Kare kare, makondinendi ose akanga akazara mune imwe nyika inonzi Pangea.Pangea yakatsemuka makore angangosvika mamirioni mazana maviri apfuura, uye zvidimbu zvaro zvakakukurwa zvichiyambuka mahwendefa etectonic, asi kwete nekusingaperi.Makondinendi achabatana zvakare munguva yemberi iri kure.Chidzidzo chitsva ichi, chicharatidzwa muna Zvita 8 pamusangano wepamhepo pamusangano weAmerican Geophysical Union, zvinoratidza kuti nzvimbo yeramangwana renyika yepamusoro inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kugara kwePasi uye kugadzikana kwemamiriro ekunze.Zviwanikwa izvi zvakakoshawo pakutsvaga hupenyu kune mamwe mapuraneti.
Chidzidzo chakatumirwa kuti chibudiswe ndicho chekutanga kuenzanisira mamiriro ekunze enyika iri kure yeramangwana.
Vesainzi havana chokwadi chekuti nyika huru inotevera ichaita sei kana kuti ichave kupi.Imwe fungidziro ndeyokuti mumakore mamiriyoni 200, makondinendi ose kunze kweAntarctica aigona kubatana pedyo neNorth Pole kuti aumbe nyika huru yeArmenia.Imwe mukana ndeyekuti "Aurica" ​​​​inogona kunge yakaumbwa kubva kumakondinendi ese akaungana akatenderedza equator mukati menguva inosvika mamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emakore.
Kuti nyika dzesupercontinent Aurika (pamusoro) neAmasia dzakagoverwa sei.Mamiriro epasi eramangwana anoratidzwa negrey, kana tichienzanisa nezvirongwa zvekondinendi zvazvino.Mufananidzo wechikwereti: Way et al.2020
Muchidzidzo chitsva ichi, vaongorori vakashandisa 3D yepasirese mamiriro ekunze kuenzanisira magadzirirwo maviri aya epasi angakanganisa mamiriro ekunze epasi rose.Chidzidzo ichi chakatungamirwa naMichael Way, nyanzvi yefizikisi paNASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, chikamu cheColumbia University's Earth Institute.
Chikwata ichi chakawana kuti Amasya neAurika vanopesvedzera mamiriro ekunze zvakasiyana nekuchinja kutenderera kwemuchadenga nemakungwa.Dai makondinendi ese akaungana akatenderedza equator muchimiro cheAurica, Nyika yaigona kupedzisira yadziya ne3°C.
Muchiitiko cheAmasya, kushaikwa kwevhu pakati pematanda kwaizokanganisa bhandi regungwa rekutakura, iro parizvino rinotakura kupisa kubva kuequator kuenda kumatanda nekuda kwekuunganidzwa kwenyika kwakatenderedza mapango.Nekuda kweizvozvo, mapango acho achatonhora uye akavharwa nechando gore rose.Aizi yese iyi inoratidza kupisa zvakare mudenga.
NaAmasya, "sinou yakawanda inodonha," Way akatsanangura."Une mashizha echando uye unowana mhinduro yeaizi albedo inoita kutonhorera pasi."
Kuwedzera kune tembiricha inotonhorera, Way akati huwandu hwegungwa hunogona kudzikira mumamiriro eAmasya, mvura yakawanda ichavharirwa mumazaya echando, uye mamiriro echando anogona kureva kuti hakuna nzvimbo yakawanda yekurima zvirimwa.
Ourika, kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kunge yakanyanya kumahombekombe, anodaro.Nyika iri pedyo neequator yaizotora chiedza chezuva chakasimba ipapo, uye pangadai pasina mazaya echando anoratidza kupisa kubva mumhepo yePasi, saka tembiricha yepasi rose yaizokwira.
Nepo Way achienzanisa mhenderekedzo yegungwa yeAurica nemhenderekedzo dzeparadhiso yeBrazil, “inogona kuoma zvikuru mukati menyika,” anonyevera kudaro.Kuti ivhu rakakodzera here kurima zvichaenderana nekugovewa kwemadhamu uye marudzi emvura yaanonaya—mashoko asina kutaurwa munyaya ino, asi anogona kuongororwa mune ramangwana.
Kugoverwa kwechando nechando munguva yechando uye zhizha muAurika (kuruboshwe) uye Amasya.Mufananidzo wechikwereti: Way et al.2020
Modelling inoratidza kuti inosvika makumi matanhatu muzana yenzvimbo yeAmazon yakanakira mvura yemvura, zvichienzaniswa ne99.8 muzana yenzvimbo yeOrica - kuwanikwa kunogona kubatsira mukutsvaga hupenyu kune mamwe mapuraneti.Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinotariswa nevanoongorora nyeredzi kana vachitsvaga nyika dzinogona kugarika ndechekuti mvura yemvura inogona kurarama pamusoro penyika.Pakuenzanisira dzimwe nyika idzi, vanowanzotevedzera mapuraneti akafukidzwa zvachose nemakungwa kana kuti ane topography yakafanana nePasi ranhasi.Zvakadaro, chidzidzo chitsva chinoratidza kuti zvakakosha kufunga nezvenzvimbo yepasi paunenge uchiongorora kana tembiricha inowira munzvimbo “inogarwa” pakati pechando nekufashaira.
Kunyange zvingatora masayendisiti makore gumi kana kupfuura kuti aone kugovewa chaiko kwenyika nemakungwa pamapuraneti mune mamwe masisitimu enyeredzi, vaongorori vanotarisira kuve neraibhurari hombe yenyika uye yegungwa data yekuenzanisira yemamiriro ekunze iyo inogona kubatsira kufungidzira kugona kwekugara.mapuraneti.nyika dzakavakidzana.
Hannah Davies naJoao Duarte veYunivhesiti yeLisbon naMattias Greene veBangor University kuWales vanyori pamwe chete vechidzidzo ichi.
Mhoro Sarah.Ndarama zvakare.O, mamiriro ekunze achange akaita sei nyika painochinja zvakare uye madhishi emunyanza akavharwa uye matsva ovhurwa.Izvi zvinofanirwa kuchinja nekuti ndinotenda kuti mhepo nemafungu egungwa zvichachinja, pamwe neiyo geological zvimiro zvichachinja.Iyo North American Plate iri kufamba nekukurumidza kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero.Ndiro yekutanga yeAfrica yakarova Europe, saka kwakava nekudengenyeka kwenyika kwakawanda muTurkey, Greece neItaly.Zvichanakidza kuona kuti maBritish Isles anoenda kwapi (Ireland inobva kuSouth Pacific munharaunda yegungwa. Chokwadi 90E seismic zone inoshanda chaizvo uye Indo-Australian Plate iri kufamba yakananga kuIndia.